Just as air and water are important for our life, similarly soil is also very important for us. Soil nourishes us and the trees and plants. Soil is the uppermost layer of the earth which is capable of sustaining life.
Due to the wrong activities of us humans, the soil is getting destroyed and polluted, the effect of which is visible not only on the earth but on all kinds of animals, plants and humans. Therefore it is very important to conserve soil.
Partly due to us humans and partly due to nature, the fertile soil on the upper surface of the land gets destroyed and moves away from its place due to which the problem of soil erosion arises due to which even the fertile land becomes barren.
Soil erosion removes topsoil that contains the carbonic matter, nutrients, and microorganisms that plants need to grow and thrive. Conservation is a step which prevents the power of soil from being destroyed.
There are many harms caused by soil erosion but the main problem among them is that it creates serious hindrance in agricultural production. Due to which there is shortage of food grains in the country, due to this there is also the problem of starvation in the country.
Many physical and social factors determine the severity and spread of soil erosion. The main physical factors are – erosive power of rainfall, own erodibility of soil, intensity of recurring floods, length and intensity of slope.
Vegetation reduces soil erosion, their roots hold the soil and prevent it from flowing away.
