Prof (Dr.) Jaipal Singh
The significance of Human Rights Day lies in its focus on raising awareness among common masses of this heaven and promoting protection of fundamental rights of every individual worldwide ensuring globally that human rights are respected, upheld and universally applied.
On Dec 10, 1948, United Nations General Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) to strengthen the ongoing struggle for human dignity, equality and justice for all individuals regardless of their background, gender and nationality. The need for Human Rights Day was a response to the atrocities witnessed during World War II, which included widespread violations of human rights such as genocide, racial discrimination and political oppressions etc…. These horrors galvanized the international community to establish clear guidelines for the protection of human dignity and freedoms. The adoption of the UDHR by the United Nations marked a critical milestone in the development of international human rights law.
Inception of Human Rights Day even became more significant as many countries across the globe, including those with long histories of inequality and injustice, faced challenges in protecting the fundamental freedoms of their citizens whether it is in the form of racial discrimination, lack of access to education, gender inequality, or suppression of freedom of speech. Human Rights Day and its annual celebration every year is the ray of hope and beam of light for those who are trapped and cornered.
As of today, 193 member countries of the United Nations, including India, observe Human Rights Day, reinforcing the idea that human rights are fundamental and must be respected globally. India, as a founding member of the United Nations, has been an ardent/strong supporter of the UDHR and its principles.
India officially became a signatory to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948, a year after its independence, recognizing the importance of protecting the rights and dignity of its citizens. India’s commitment to human rights was also reflected in the framing of its Constitution in 1950, which enshrined fundamental rights that guarantee equality, liberty, and justice for all its citizens, irrespective of area, gender, caste, or religion.
India’s contribution to the global human rights movement has been significant. The country has consistently supported initiatives aimed at promoting human rights on the international stage. India’s leadership in shaping the UDHR, along with its contributions to other human rights conventions, reflects its dedication to these values.
India’s domestic human rights agenda has also played a key role in promoting equality, education, and social justice. The country has enacted various laws aimed at protecting women’s rights, abolishing caste-based discrimination, and empowering marginalized communities. For instance, the Right to Education Act (2009) guarantees free and compulsory education for children aged 6 to 14 years, ensuring that every child has the right to education. Right to information act (2005) guarantees provisions of information to be provided to applicant within stipulated time frame. In terms of gender equality, India has implemented laws such as the Domestic Violence Act (2005), the Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace Act (2013), and has made strides in combating female infanticide and child marriage. The celebration of Human Rights Day has had a profound impact on both men and women, although the challenges faced by women remain an area of significant concern. While challenges remain, India’s efforts to promote women’s empowerment are noteworthy. The rise of awareness regarding gender-based violence, legal reforms, and social movements aimed at advancing gender equality further respected the importance of Human Rights Day.
For women in India and across the world and with the wide spread recognition of Human Rights Day – women’s participation in the workforce, political spheres, education and almost everywhere has been enhanced. Their participation and contribution has impacted overall social structure and strengthened their economic empowerment. However, there are still significant barriers in achieving full equality, particularly in rural areas or within certain social structures due to gender inequality, domestic violence, and fighting for equal access to opportunities.
Anyhow, we ought to acknowledge the key objectives of Human Rights Day which seemed to be fulfilled to some extent in ensuring that some among many individuals are aware of their rights and can freely enjoy them. The success of Human Rights Day lies in its ability to unite the global community around a common cause, but its true success will be measured by tangible changes in the lives of individuals. Significant progress has been made in areas like child labour, women’s rights, racial equality, and access to basic healthcare and education. However, many more challenges yet remain in countries like – facing armed conflict, political repression, discrimination etc…
To further strengthen the celebration of Human Rights Day, the global community must continue to promote education, enforce accountability for human rights violations and ensure the protection of vulnerable populations. Governments, civil society organizations and individuals must work together to ensure that human rights are not merely theoretical but are actively protected and promoted.
In Gist, Human Rights Day reminds us and the world about the importance of ensuring dignity, equality, and freedom for every individual. India’s involvement in the global human rights movement has been crucial and its contributions have significantly impacted the progress made in this area. The celebration of Human Rights Day serves not only as a recognition of achievements but also as a commitment for future – where human rights are universally applied and respected by all for the survival and longevity of humanity.
(The writer is Principal, SG GDC Doongi, Rajouri)
