Dr Arvind Kohli
Cardiovascular system consists of Heart, blood vessels and blood and its important to keep this system free of abnormalities and diseases
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally, taking an estimated 17.9 million lives each year. CVDs are a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels and include coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease(DVT) and other conditions. More than four out of five CVD deaths are due to heart attacks and strokealso called CVA, and one third of these deaths occur prematurely in people under 70 years of age
As the mercury rises and the sun’s scorching heat envelopes us, we find ourselves seeking solace in the cool comfort of air-conditioned rooms and icy beverages. While most of us focus on staying hydrated and protecting our skin from the blazing sun, we often overlook one vital organ that is silently battling the heat – our heart.
The heart requires special care and attention during the summer months. The rising temperatures can strain this vital organ immensely, leaving us vulnerable to a range of cardiovascular complications.People with an existing heart condition need to be careful with warmer temperatures, but even a healthy heart can be put under stress when temperatures climb.
Effect of elevated temperatures on Cardiovascular System(CVS)
While we often associate sun exposure with the risk of sunburn and skin damage, it is important to recognize that prolonged exposure to sunlight during summer can also have implications on Cardiovascular health. The scorching summer heat and intense ultraviolet (UV) radiation can directly affect the cardiovascular system, leading to various cardiovascular complications. Understanding these risks is crucial for taking proactive steps to protect your heart during sunny days.
Hypertension: Prolonged sun exposure can lead to an increase in blood pressure levels. The body’s natural response to heat is to redirect blood flow to the skin to promote cooling, which in turn leads to reduced blood flow to other organs, including the heart. This redistribution of blood can cause a temporary rise in blood pressure, putting additional strain on the cardiovascular system.
4Dehydration: Prolonged exposure to sunlight can lead to excessive sweating and fluid loss, increasing the risk of dehydration. Dehydration affects the body’s ability to regulate blood pressure and can lead to thickening of the blood, making it difficult for the heart to pump blood effectively. This places extra stress on the heart and increases the risk of cardiovascular complications.
4Heat-related illness: Heat exhaustion and heat stroke are serious conditions that can result from prolonged exposure to high temperatures. These conditions can directly impact the heart and cardiovascular system. Heat stroke, in particular, is a medical emergency and can lead to organ damage, including the heart.
4Arrhythmias: Some people may experience an increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias during hot weather. The heat can disrupt the body’s electrical system, leading to abnormal heart rhythms or irregular heartbeats. Individuals with a history of arrhythmias or heart conditions may be more susceptible to disruptions in the heart’s electrical system and should be particularly cautious during summer.
Safeguarding cardiovascular system in summer
To safeguard the cardiovascular system during the summer months, it’s crucial to take proactive steps by each one of us to stay cool and minimize the strain on cardiovascular system. Taking some caution and precaution shall enable us to get through the audacity of warm summer
Staying Hydrated
One of the most important things during the summer heat is to stay hydrated. Having plenty of water throughout the day, even if you don’t feel thirsty.is helpful because Dehydration can put additional stress on CVS and lead to awater electrolyte imbalance which is detrimental for CVS.
Drinking plenty of water helpsto regulatebody temperature, helps the heartto pump more easily and keeps all organs functioning properly. Remember to drink before you are thirsty, and avoid alcohol and caffeinated beverages, which can dehydrate the body.
Incorporating Hydrating Food
In addition to drinking water, incorporating hydrating food into the diet can further support milieu interior during the summer. Many fruits and vegetables have high water content, making them excellent choices for staying hydrated. Include hydrating foods like watermelon, cucumbers, strawberries, oranges, avocados, peaches, tomatoes, celery, and leafy greens in the meals and snacks. These foods provide hydration and deliver essential vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants that benefit your heart and overall health.
Dress for Sun-cess
Choosing the right clothing can make a significant difference in keeping your body cool and protecting your heart from heat. Opt for lightweight and breathable fabrics, such as cotton and linen, that allow air circulation and promote sweat evaporation. Loose-fitting clothing allows proper heat dissipation, keeping you cooler.
Pace Yourself. Make your warm weather workouts shorter and slower, aim for morning or evening when the temps and humidity are lower, choose shady pathways and trails or an air-conditioned space. Work with your healthcare team to develop a plan that is best for you
Timing is Everything. Avoid being outdoors during the hottest times of the day, when the sun is at its strongest and temps are at their highest. Your cardiovascular system has to work harder on a hot day in an effort to keep your body cool. In fact, for every degree that your body temperature rises, your heart has to pump an additional ten beats per minute. Everyone is at risk in extreme heat, but high temperatures and humidity are particularly stressful for those who already have a weakened heart
Heart medications and effects of heat
Some of the medications for treating coronary artery disease (CAD), heart failure, drugs may make it more difficult for you to stay cool in the heat:
4Beta-blockers: These medications are often used to treat CAD, heart failure, high blood pressure, heart rhythm problems (arrhythmia), and other heart conditions. Beta-blockers decrease heart rate, which is the opposite of what your body wants to do to cool you when it’s hot.
4Calcium channel blockers: These medications are part of treatment for many of the same conditions as beta blockers and work similarly. Calcium channel blockers can make it more difficult for your body to keep from overheating.
4Diuretics: These medications help your body get rid of extra fluid and salt through your urine. Diuretics can cause you to become dehydrated and overheat more quickly in hot temperatures.
It’s important, however, that you stick with any medication regimens as prescribed. Talk with your doctor if you’re concerned about medications you’re taking and the heat.
Take home Message
While these tips and strategies can greatly contribute to protecting your heart during the summer heat, it’s important to remember that everyone’s health needs are unique. It is crucial to consult with a heart specialist for personalized advice, especially if you have pre-existing heart conditions or are on medication. Regular check-ups with cardiovascular consultant can help ensure that you are taking appropriate measures to protect your heart.
Enjoy your summer
(The author is reputed Cardio Vascular &Thoracic Surgeon in Jammu)