Controlling rising population is a complex challenge that requires multifaceted strategies encompassing social, economic, and policy interventions. Addressing this issue is crucial to ensure sustainable development, improve quality of life, and mitigate various socio-economic problems. Promoting education, especially for girls, has been proven effective in reducing fertility rates. Educated women tend to marry later, have fewer children, and make informed decisions about family planning. Government initiatives and NGOs can play a crucial role in spreading awareness about the benefits of smaller families and contraceptive use. Providing economic incentives for smaller families, such as tax breaks, subsidies, or cash transfers, can encourage couples to have fewer children. Additionally, improving economic opportunities and reducing poverty can alleviate the pressure for larger families to support themselves. Gender equality and women’s empowerment are key to population control. When women have control over their reproductive choices, they can make decisions that align with their personal aspirations and contribute to sustainable population growth. This involves addressing cultural norms, providing vocational training, and ensuring access to employment opportunities. Strengthening healthcare infrastructure, particularly maternal and child health services, is crucial. High-quality healthcare can reduce infant mortality rates and increase confidence in smaller family sizes, leading to lower fertility rates over time. Cultural beliefs and social norms often influence family size decisions. Collaborating with community leaders, religious institutions, and influencers to promote smaller families and debunk myths about contraceptives can be effective. Governments should implement supportive policies such as comprehensive sex education in schools, integrating family planning into primary healthcare services, and enforcing laws against child marriage and gender-based violence. Policy coherence across sectors like health, education, employment, and urban planning is vital for sustainable population management.