Gwynne Dyer
If the Taliban were not so busy fighting the rival Islamic State jihadis who began operating in Afghanistan early this year, they might now be within reach of overthrowing the Afghan Government that the Western powers left behind when they pulled out most of their troops last year. Even with that distraction, the Taliban are doing pretty well.
On Monday, a Taliban suicide bomber on a motorcycle managed to kill six American soldiers who were patrolling the perimeter of Bagram Air Base near Kabul. On the same day, Taliban fighters took almost complete control of Sangin in Helmand Province, a town that over 100 British troops died to defend in 2006-2010.
As Major Richard Streatfield, a British officer who fought at Sangin, told the BBC, “I won’t deny, on a personal level, it does make you wonder – was it worth it? Because if the people we were trying to free Afghanistan from are now able to just take it back within two years, that shows that something went badly wrong at the operational and strategic level.”
It was probably a mistake to invade Afghanistan in the first place. Osama bin Laden’s Al Qaeda terrorists could have been dealt with without invading an entire country, and there was never any evidence that the Taliban Government of the day knew about his 9/11 attacks on the United States in advance.
Having invaded the country, it was a mistake not to hand it over to a tough regime made up of warlords from the major ethnic groups and get out before the presence of over a hundred thousand foreign troops gave the Taliban a second wind. Trying to create a Western-style liberal democracy in Afghanistan was even more naive than the previous Soviet project to build a modern, secular, “socialist” one-party state in the country.
And having made those mistakes, it was another mistake to pull almost all the foreign troops out before the Afghan Government’s Army was up to holding the Taliban off. If, indeed, it can ever be brought up to that level.
The parlous state of the Afghan National Army and the sheer fecklessness of President Ashraf Ghani’s Government was highlighted by last weekend’s desperate plea by Helmand’s Deputy Governor Mohammad Jan Rasulyar for supplies and reinforcements for the troops holding Sangin. It’s not just that the Army had neglected the plight of those soldiers. It’s the fact that Rasulyar had to resort to posting his plea on Facebook to get the Government’s attention.
The Afghan Army would be collapsing a good deal faster if so much of the Taliban’s attention were not focused on fighting off the challenge from Islamic State. (It has killed at least a thousand IS fighters this year.) But the Taliban still managed to seize the city of Kunduz in the north for a week in September, and now Sangin in the southwest is going.
We are seeing the usual short-term responses in the West. President Barack Obama has halted the withdrawal of most of the remaining 9,800 US troops in the country (which was scheduled for the end of this year), and Britain has ordered 10 of the 450 troops it still has in Afghanistan back to Sangin.
But that won’t make much difference, and there is no chance whatever that the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation countries will build their troop strength in Afghanistan back up to the level around 140,000 where it was five years ago. The Afghans are on their own now, and they will be lucky if they end up back under the rule of the Taliban rather than in the clutches of Islamic State.